INFLUENCE OF HIGH MOUNTAIN ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON VARIABILITY OF RECOMBINATION AND CYTOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF MEYOSIS IN TOMATO F1 HYBRIDS
Abstract
Objective. To identify the influence of extreme factors of three ecological niches of the highlands of the Western Pamirs on the displacement of Mendelian cleavage and variability of recombination parameters by linked and unlinked marker genes, as well as on the frequency of terminal and interstitial chiasms in interspecific F1 tomato hybrids. Methods. Genetic analysis of recombination parameters of meiosis, ytological assessment of chiasm frequency, assessment of pollen fertility and number of formed seeds in the fetus, statistical data processing (Pearson's χ2 criterion, Student's t-test). Results. As part of solving the problem of available recombination and genotypic variability, the influence of ecological conditions of three areas of the high Western Pamirs (Vanch, Khorog and Ishkashim), located at different altitudes (2300, 2320 and 2600 meters) on recombination, as well as on reproductive and converting meiosis functions in interspecific F1 tomato hybrids. There is a direct relationship between the frequency of interstitial chiasms, the variability of recombination parameters of meiosis and the cumulative effect of the identified factors in these ecological niches, including natural radiation at the soil level of the experimental plot and reproductive organs of hybrid plants, solar radiation intensity by zones of the spectrum of UV, PHAR, IR and average monthly temperature. Conclusions. According to the analysis of the results of the research, it was found that the ecological conditions of three alpine regions of the Western Pamirs – Vanch, Khorog and Ishkashim initiated the variability of meiotic and postmeiotic processes in our studied interspecific F1 hybrids. Therefore, these conditions may be a highly effective exogenous induction factor that can increase the available values of recombination and cytological parameters of meiosis.
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